Deaf children, like all children, deserve support and resources that cater to their unique needs. There are different communication options for hearing-impaired children, including:
- sign language
- spoken language (with or without hearing aids/cochlear implants
- combination of both (known as total communication)
The choice will depend on the child’s individual needs and the preferences of the family.
Communication options for deaf children
Deaf children have various communication options, and the choice depends on factors such as the child’s degree of hearing loss, learning for deaf children, the preferences of the child and their family, and the availability of resources. Here are some communication options for deaf children:
- American Sign Language (ASL). ASL is a natural visual-gestural language used by many Deaf individuals and their communities. Learning ASL enables deaf children to communicate fluently with others who use the language, fostering a strong sense of cultural identity.
- Spoken language and lip-reading. Some deaf children may use spoken language, often with the help of hearing aids or cochlear implants. Lip-reading involves understanding the speech by watching the movement of:
- speaker’s lips
- facial expressions
- body language
- Total communication. Total Communication is an approach that combines various communication methods, such as spoken language, sign language, lip-reading, and gestures. This approach aims to provide deaf children with multiple ways to understand and express themselves.
- Cued speech. Cued Speech is a visual communication system that uses hand shapes and movements near the speaker’s mouth to represent different sounds of speech. It enhances lip-reading and helps make the spoken language more visually accessible.
- Visual phonics. Visual phonics is a system that uses hand shapes and movements to represent individual sounds (phonemes) of speech. It can be used to supplement spoken language instruction and improve phonemic awareness.
- Auditory-Verbal therapy. This approach focuses on developing listening and spoken language skills using amplification technology like hearing aids or cochlear implants. It emphasizes teaching the child to maximize their use of residual hearing.
- Bilingual-Bicultural approach. This approach promotes bilingualism in both the native sign language (such as ASL) and the spoken/written language of the surrounding community. It embraces both deaf culture and mainstream culture.
- Oralism. Oralism emphasizes teaching deaf children to communicate primarily through spoken language and lip-reading. This approach may involve intensive speech therapy and may be used alongside hearing aids or cochlear implants.
- Assistive Technology. Various assistive technologies, such as communication apps, tablets, and video conferencing tools, can aid in communication for deaf children. These tools may include text-to-speech software, real-time captioning, and communication boards.
Recognize that the communication method chosen should be individualized to the child’s needs and preferences.
Families, educators, and professionals working with deaf children should collaborate to determine the most effective communication approach for each child. Early intervention, access to appropriate resources, and ongoing support are crucial in helping deaf children develop strong communication skills and thrive in their communities.a
